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Latest Gastroenterology research

The 10 most useful gastroenterology studies published this week, chosen from Q1 journals and graded on the Oxford CEBM evidence hierarchy. Each paper links to a short summary and the original on PubMed. Updated 22 September 2026.

Top 10 this week

Week of 20 September 2026

  1. 1

    Colonoscopy Intervals and Colorectal Cancer Incidence after Adenoma Removal

    The New England journal of medicine · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 17 September 2026

    In an interim analysis of 10,799 patients, cancers occurred in 0.77% of those screened at five years versus 0.82% at three years, meeting the predefined non-inferiority margin. The finding suggests that extending the first surveillance colonoscopy to five years may be safe for high-risk adenoma patients, though long-term outcomes remain to be confirmed.

  2. 2

    Patient-level predictors of safety and recurrence after cold versus hot snare resection of large, non-pedunculated colorectal polyps: an individual patient data meta-analysis of four randomised-controlled trials

    Gut · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 15 September 2026

    In a pooled analysis of four RCTs involving 1,423 patients with large (at least 20 mm) non-pedunculated polyps, cold snare resection lowered major adverse events to 1.7% versus 5.9% with hot EMR, yet residual or recurrent adenoma rose to 26.5% compared with 12.8%. The trade-off may favor cold snare for sessile serrated lesions or high-risk patients, but higher recurrence-especially in high-grade dysplasia-remains a concern.

  3. 3

    Self-expandable metal stents versus endoscopic balloon dilatation for the treatment of strictures in Crohn's disease: a retrospective long-term follow-up of the ProtDilat study, an open label, multicenter, randomized trial

    Journal of Crohn's & colitis · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 3 September 2026

    RCT of SEMS vs balloon dilation for Crohn’s strictures

  4. 4

    EUS-Guided Cyanoacrylate Injection With Balloon-Compression Sclerotherapy Versus Band Ligation for Gastroesophageal Varices: A Randomized Trial

    Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 17 September 2026

    Randomized trial of EUS‑CYA + bc‑EIS vs EVL for varices

  5. 5

    Impact of gastric length of myotomy during POEM on the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux: A randomized controlled trial

    Gastrointestinal endoscopy · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 18 September 2026

    In a randomized trial of 100 achalasia patients, those receiving a gastric myotomy shorter than 3 cm developed LA grade B or higher esophagitis in 24% versus 44% with longer cuts, while symptom scores and treatment success were similar. The finding suggests a shorter myotomy may lower endoscopic reflux risk without compromising efficacy, but longer follow-up is needed.

  6. 6

    Impact of early enteral nutrition on children with acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta analysis

    Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 14 September 2026

    Meta-analysis of early enteral nutrition in acute pancreatitis

  7. 7

    The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (2026) Expert Consensus Document on Management of Esophageal Perforation

    The Annals of thoracic surgery · Q1 journal · Guideline · Evidence level 1 (High) · 17 September 2026

    Esophageal perforation consensus, thoracic surgery focus

  8. 8

    Impact of non-enteric-coated pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (NEPERT) on pain in patients with chronic pancreatitis: a double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomised trial

    Gut · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 16 September 2026

    No significant pain improvement with NEPERT vs placebo

  9. 9

    Beyond Weight Reduction: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome Components and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Outcomes After Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty

    Journal of clinical medicine · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 27 August 2026

    In 12-month follow-up of 4,452 obese adults, ESG produced an average 0.33% drop in glycated haemoglobin, along with modest improvements in insulin resistance, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and liver enzyme scores, while achieving roughly 16% weight loss. Evidence quality was low and the liver benefit may be weight-dependent, so larger randomized trials with biopsy endpoints are still needed.

  10. 10

    Nicergoline for Neuromuscular Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial

    Dysphagia · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 16 September 2026

    In a 4-week double-blind trial of 44 patients with neuromuscular oropharyngeal dysphagia, nicergoline 30 mg daily reduced penetration-aspiration scale scores compared with placebo, indicating better airway protection during swallowing. Subjective and endoscopic swallow scores did not differ, so the benefit appears limited to reducing aspiration risk, warranting larger studies to confirm clinical impact.

Paper of the day, last two weeks

Evidence summaries in Gastroenterology

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For healthcare professionals. Summaries are generated by AI from the published abstract and are not medical advice. Read the original paper before changing practice.