Effectiveness of a prenatal behavior change communication intervention on maternal-fetal bonding: A randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care setting
- Journal
- Midwifery (Q1)
- Published
- 24 August 2026
- Study design
- Randomized controlled trial
- Evidence level
- Level 1, High (CEBM 1b)
- Authors
- Arun Mamachan Xavier, Balagopal Varma R, Radhamany K, Chandrashekar Janakiram, Nigel King, Sherene Alexander, et al.
- PMID
- 42679592
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.midw.2026.104965
Why clinicians should know about it
- Picked for Obstetrics and Gynecology (top studies of the week, 6 September 2026): Prenatal behavior change communication intervention RCT
Abstract
PROBLEM: Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) plays a critical role in determining maternal health and influencing child developmental outcomes. However, structured behavioral interventions designed to enhance MFA are seldom included in antenatal care practices. BACKGROUND: MFA forms the foundation of the maternal-child bond. This early relationship is critical for maternal mental health and serves as a precursor to the child's socio-emotional and behavioral development. AIM: This study aimed to determine whether a behavioral communication intervention could enhance maternal-fetal attachment. METHODS: A total of 450 expectant mothers were recruited and randomly assigned to two test groups and one control group in a 3-arm trial (1:1:1). The Maternal-Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS) and Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) were used to measure MFA at baseline and post-intervention. RESULTS: MFA scores increased across groups over time. Test Group 2, which received additional interactive supportive talk therapy, demonstrated a statistically significant enhancement in MFA measured by the PAI (p < 0.001) versus the control group. However, MFAS score changes for Test Group 2 were not significant (p = 0.064). Test Group 1 showed no significant differences on either scale compared to the control group. DISCUSSION: MFA showed a steady increase throughout pregnancy in the intervention groups, especially in those receiving a blend of psychological and cognitive-behavioral support, demonstrating notably greater improvements beyond natural progression. CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes the benefits of combining supportive talk therapy and behavioral communication therapy to enhance mother-fetal attachment. Strengthening MFA may be crucial for fostering optimal psychological, behavioral, and cognitive development in offspring.
Abstract as published, via PubMed.
For healthcare professionals. The summary is generated by AI from the published abstract, and the evidence level is assigned automatically from the study design on the Oxford CEBM hierarchy. Neither is medical advice. Read the full paper before changing practice.