High-intensity versus low-intensity laser acupuncture in chronic, non-specific low back pain: a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial

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• Picked for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (top studies of the week, 2 August 2026): Double‑blind RCT high vs low intensity laser acupuncture

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP) is a musculoskeletal condition characterized by persistent discomfort, weak trunk muscles, exhaustion, and disability. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of high-intensity laser acupuncture (HILA) and low-intensity laser acupuncture (LILA), combined with exercise, on strength of trunk extensors, fatigue, level of pain, range of motion (ROM) of lumbar flexion, and disability in patients with CNSLBP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 60 participants with CNSLBP were divided into three groups in this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial: the high-intensity laser (HILA) group, who received HILA over 15 acupuncture points along with exercises; the low-intensity laser (LILA) group, who received LILA over the same points plus exercises; and the sham group, who received sham laser in addition to exercises. The interventions were received three times/week for four consecutive weeks. The strength of trunk extensors, fatigue, pain, lumbar flexion ROM, and disability were measured at baseline, after 4 weeks, and at a 1-month follow-up. The assessment tools used included isokinetic dynamometry, the visual analogue scale (VAS), the modified Schober test (MST), and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). RESULTS: Initial analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the three groups (p > 0.05). Both the HILA and LILA groups showed substantial improvements in all outcomes posttreatment and over the follow-up period compared to the sham group (p < 0.05). Significantly, trunk extensor strength and pain reduction improved more in the HILA group (p < 0.05). However, fatigue and disability did not differ between the two active laser groups. All groups showed minor changes between the post-treatment and follow-up periods. CONCLUSION: Patients with CNSLBP may have a short-term benefit from HILA and LILA combined with exercise rather than from exercise alone in terms of trunk extensor strength and fatigue, pain, lumbar flexion ROM, and disability. However, both laser treatments showed comparable effects on fatigue and disability; HILA appears to be more effective than LILA in improving trunk extensor strength and relieving pain. To define the ideal treatment parameters and to evaluate long-term effects, further research is required. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier [NCT06280846].

Abstract as published, via PubMed.