Latest Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery research

Top 10 this week

Week of 20 September 2026

1. 1

   Beyond Weight Reduction: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome Components and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Outcomes After Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty

   Journal of clinical medicine · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 27 August 2026

   In 12-month follow-up of 4,452 obese adults, ESG produced an average 0.33% drop in glycated haemoglobin, along with modest improvements in insulin resistance, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and liver enzyme scores, while achieving roughly 16% weight loss. Evidence quality was low and the liver benefit may be weight-dependent, so larger randomized trials with biopsy endpoints are still needed.

2. 2

   Short or Long Antibiotic Regimens in Orthopedics

   The New England journal of medicine · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 16 September 2026

   In 475 adults who received a local-antibiotic implant during surgery, definite treatment failure by 12 months occurred in 11% of those given up to 7 days of systemic antibiotics versus 14% of those given at least 4 weeks, meeting the pre-specified non-inferiority margin. Short-course patients also reported far fewer treatment-related symptoms (17% vs 45%). The finding supports limiting systemic therapy, though longer-term outcomes remain to be studied.

3. 3

   Effect of Medium Chain Fatty Acids on Body Composition in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

   Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 18 September 2026

   MCT fatty acids meta‑analysis, not bariatric surgery

4. 4

   Robot-assisted versus freehand cannulated-screw fixation for femoral neck fractures: a systematic review of technical, clinical and adoption outcomes

   Journal of robotic surgery · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 15 September 2026

   High-quality evidence in a top journal

5. 5

   Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose and exercise capacity in iron-deficient kidney transplant recipients: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial in the Netherlands

   EClinicalMedicine · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 1 September 2026

   In a double-blind trial of 148 iron-deficient kidney-transplant patients, four doses of ferric carboxymaltose raised hemoglobin but improved 6-minute walk distance by only 9 m versus placebo, a change deemed clinically insignificant. The treatment did not enhance cardiac, muscle, cognitive function or quality of life, leaving routine iron supplementation for functional gain unsupported.

6. 6

   Short-term versus long-course neoadjuvant chemotherapy for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PACT-21 CASSANDRA): results from the second randomisation analysis of a randomised, open-label, 2 × 2 factorial phase 3 trial

   EClinicalMedicine · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 5 September 2026

   In the PACT-21/CASSANDRA trial, 86 patients receiving two extra months of chemotherapy before surgery and 79 receiving it after surgery had identical event-free survival (hazard ratio about 1). However, the longer regimen yielded higher CA19-9 response, a 5% complete pathological response rate and more N0 resections. Overall survival data are pending, underscoring the need for more effective neoadjuvant strategies.

7. 7

   Survival After Irreversible Electroporation in Unresectable Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-analysis

   The Journal of surgical research · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 15 September 2026

   In a meta-analysis of 31 studies (1,296 patients), patients receiving irreversible electroporation lived a median 16.3 months, roughly seven months longer than those treated without it. Survival was unrelated to age, sex, tumor size or location, and was similar whether the procedure was surgical or percutaneous. The finding, based on low-to-moderate certainty evidence, underscores the need for randomized trials.

8. 8

   Blinatumomab for Replacing Chemotherapy in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

   The New England journal of medicine · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 17 September 2026

   In a randomized trial of 709 children with high-risk B-cell ALL, replacing two chemotherapy cycles with blinatumomab raised 4-year event-free survival to 83% compared with 70% for standard therapy. Infections fell dramatically (24% vs 69%), but neuro-toxic events were three times more common. Long-term safety and optimal integration into treatment regimens remain to be defined.

9. 9

   Neonatal Ventilation Training Using a Low-Cost, High-Fidelity Simulator in a Low-Resource Setting: A Randomized Clinical Trial

   JAMA network open · Q1 journal · RCT · Evidence level 1 (High) · 1 September 2026

   High-quality evidence in a top journal

10. 10

    Menopause hormone therapy and type 2 diabetes risk and prognosis: systematic review and meta-analyses

    Diabetologia · Q1 journal · SR/MA of RCTs · Evidence level 1 (High) · 18 September 2026

    Ranked by evidence level and journal quartile

Paper of the day, last two weeks

• Liver Fibrosis and IRS1 rs2972146 Are Associated With Weight Loss Response After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery

  Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · Q1 journal · Cohort · Evidence level 3 (Low) · 17 September 2026

  Weight loss after metabolic bariatric surgery, genetic predictors

• Concomitant hiatal hernia repair during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and 5-year endoscopic esophagitis: a retrospective cohort study of 400 patients

  Surgical endoscopy · Q1 journal · Retrospective cohort · Evidence level 3 (Low) · 16 September 2026

  In a cohort of 400 patients, those whose intra-operative hiatal hernia was repaired (75 patients) had esophagitis in only 5.3% at five years, versus 22.5% when the hernia was left unrepaired. The finding suggests that routine hiatal repair at sleeve gastrectomy may reduce long-term reflux injury, though causality cannot be confirmed in this retrospective study.

• Comparative safety profile of metabolic and bariatric surgery procedures: an analysis spanning twelve years

  Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery · Q1 journal · Unclassified · Evidence level 5 (Expert Opinion) · 28 August 2026

  Comparative safety of LSG, LRYGB, LBPD/DS procedures

• Residual late risk of severe adverse events in metabolic bariatric surgery patients after discharged emergency department visit

  The American journal of emergency medicine · Q1 journal · Retrospective cohort · Evidence level 3 (Low) · 7 September 2026

  0% without any early contact. The finding suggests that patients who leave the ED discharged remain at higher months-long risk, supporting consideration of structured follow-up after such visits.

• Prior GLP-1RA or Tirzepatide Use and Early Cardiorenal Outcomes After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery

  The American journal of medicine · Q1 journal · Retrospective cohort · Evidence level 3 (Low) · 14 September 2026

  In a matched US cohort of 11,052 patients each, those who had filled a GLP-1RA or tirzepatide prescription before metabolic-bariatric surgery experienced 0.3% versus 0.6% rates of major cardiovascular events within 90 days, roughly a 50% reduction. Kidney complications were also lower (1.4% vs 2.3%). The findings suggest pre-operative metabolic optimization may improve early cardiorenal outcomes, but prospective trials are needed.

• Comparative Outcomes of Single-Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy Versus Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Adults with Severe Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  Obesity surgery · Q1 journal · SR of cohorts · Evidence level 2 (Moderate) · 15 September 2026

  A meta-analysis of 12 studies (3,317 patients) found that single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy produced slightly more weight loss than Roux-en-Y, while rates of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia remission and early complications were similar. The procedure may lower reoperation and some late complications, but evidence is low-certainty and long-term mortality data are lacking.

• Low Preoperative Free Triiodothyronine, Particularly in Females, Is Associated With Reduced Weight Loss and Diabetes Remission After Bariatric Surgery in Euthyroid Adults

  Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · Q1 journal · Cross-sectional · Evidence level 3 (Low) · 1 September 2026

  In a cohort of 1,034 euthyroid adults, pre-operative free triiodothyronine below 4.75 pmol/L in females (and 5.05 pmol/L in males) predicted a lower chance of losing at least 25% of weight and achieving diabetes remission over three years. The finding suggests sex-specific FT3 cut-offs could help select patients most likely to benefit, but prospective validation is needed.

• A Simple Scoring Model for Mid-term Remission of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus After Sleeve Gastrectomy in Chinese Patients

  Obesity surgery · Q1 journal · Retrospective cohort · Evidence level 3 (Low) · 12 September 2026

  In a retrospective cohort of 221 obese Chinese adults, 81% achieved mid-term type 2 diabetes remission (average 3.6 years) following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. A new three-factor pre-operative score-based on number of oral agents, insulin use, and 2-hour C-peptide-predicted remission with an AUC of 0.88, offering a practical tool for personalized surgical counseling.

• Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty versus intragastric balloon insertion as bridge-to-surgery procedures for patients with BMI ≥50 kg/m2 or contraindications to primary metabolic bariatric surgery

  Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · Q1 journal · Retrospective cohort · Evidence level 4 (Very Low) · 8 September 2026

  Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty vs intragastric balloon as bridge‑to‑surgery

• Use of incretin receptor agonists in patients submitted to metabolic bariatric surgery - a systematic review and meta-analysis

  Frontiers in endocrinology · Q1 journal · SR of cohorts · Evidence level 4 (Very Low) · 26 August 2026

  Systematic review of incretin agonists after metabolic bariatric surgery

• Six-month weight loss and comorbidity remission after sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, BPD-DS, and SADI-S: propensity score analysis using the 2023 MBSAQIP database

  Surgical endoscopy · Q1 journal · Unclassified · Evidence level 5 (Expert Opinion) · 8 September 2026

  Propensity-matched comparison of weight loss and comorbidity remission

• GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Post-Bariatric Surgery (GRABS) Trial: Rationale, Design and Baseline Characteristics

  Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · Q1 journal · Unclassified · Evidence level 5 (Expert Opinion) · 8 September 2026

  Randomized trial of tirzepatide after RYGB for persistent obesity

• Elastic Intracorporeal Retraction in Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: Performance, Safety, and Multi-Organ Applications

  Obesity surgery · Q1 journal · Prospective cohort · Evidence level 2 (Moderate) · 7 September 2026

  Hands‑free retractor, reduces trocars, safety data