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SAGES clinical practice guidelines for the management of symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis

In brief

Guidelines favor endoscopic over surgical approaches for walled-off pancreatic necrosis

The new SAGES/AHPBA guidelines issue conditional recommendations that endoscopic drainage is preferred to image-guided or open surgery for symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis, but all advice rests on very low-certainty evidence. Experts also note that minimally invasive surgery and step-up strategies are reasonable alternatives, underscoring major gaps that need stronger research.

Journal
Surgical endoscopy (Q1)
Published
31 August 2026
Study design
Practice guideline / consensus
Evidence level
Level 1, High (CEBM 1c)
Authors
Elisa C Calabrese, Dena Shehata, Bethany J Slater, Francesco Palazzo, Adnan Alseidi, James Sun, et al.
PMID
42675307
DOI
10.1007/s00464-026-13230-5

Why clinicians should know about it

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) is a serious sequela following acute pancreatitis with significant associated morbidity and mortality. These guidelines provide best practice recommendations for the management of this complication. METHODOLOGY: A systematic review was conducted, including a literature search from 1/1/2020 to 1/24/2025, addressing four key questions regarding the management of WOPN in adults. The findings were subsequently presented to a multidisciplinary panel of surgeons, gastroenterologists, and interventional radiologists, including those from both the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) and the Americas Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (AHPBA). The GRADE methodology was then used to develop evidence-based recommendations. RESULTS: All recommendations were based on very low certainty of evidence. A conditional recommendation was made for endoscopic management versus image-guided intervention. A conditional recommendation was made for image-guided intervention versus open surgery. A conditional recommendation was made for either minimally invasive surgery or image-guided intervention. A conditional recommendation was made for minimally invasive surgery versus endoscopic intervention. A conditional recommendation was made for either a pure endoscopic approach versus a step-up approach. CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations provide guidance for the approach to the management of WOPN according to the existing literature and expert input. The panel also highlighted evidence gaps to support future research for a stronger evidence base regarding the treatment of WOPN.

Abstract as published, via PubMed.

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For healthcare professionals. The summary is generated by AI from the published abstract, and the evidence level is assigned automatically from the study design on the Oxford CEBM hierarchy. Neither is medical advice. Read the full paper before changing practice.