Effect of Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training on Exercise Capacity, Muscle Strength, Quality of Life, and Mortality in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
- Journal
- Sports medicine - open (Q1)
- Published
- 3 August 2026
- Study design
- Systematic review / meta-analysis of RCTs
- Evidence level
- Level 1, High (CEBM 1a)
- Authors
- Caroline Oliveira Gois, Alana Lalucha de Andrade Guimarães, Lino Sérgio Rocha Conceição, Mansueto Gomes-Neto, Vitor Oliveira Carvalho
- PMID
- 42543470
- DOI
- 10.1186/s40798-026-01080-3
Why clinicians should know about it
- Picked for Family Practice (top studies of the week, 9 August 2026).
- Picked for Orthopedics and Sports Medicine (top studies of the week, 9 August 2026).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: CART (combined aerobic and resistance training) has shown important results in exercise-based cardiovascular rehabilitation. However, there are little data concerning the effects of CART on the exercise capacity, muscle strength, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and mortality of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of CART on exercise capacity [peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) and 6-min walking distance (6MWD)], muscle strength [1-repetition maximum (1-RM), peak torque and handgrip strength], HRQoL, and mortality in patients with CHD. METHODS: We search for references in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE databases to find RCTs that evaluated the effects of CART for CHD. Mean difference (MD), standardized mean difference (SMD), risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: CART improved relative peak VO2 of 2.20 ml/kg/min (P < 0.0001), peak torque of 16.69 N.m (P < 0.0001), handgrip strength of 4.68 kgf (P < 0.0001), and HRQoL of 1.00 (P < 0.00001) and reduced mortality (RR = 0.40; P = 0.002) compared to non-exercising usual care. CART improved (relative and absolute) peak VO2 by 0.28 (P < 0.002), 6MWD by 21.98 m (P = 0.004), 1-RM by 0.61 kg (P < 0.0001), peak torque by 4.03 N.m (P = 0.002), and HRQoL by 0.50 (P < 0.0004) compared to aerobic training. CART improved relative peak VO2 by 1.91 ml/kg/min (P < 0.00001) compared to resistance training. CONCLUSION: CART was efficient in improving peak VO2, peak torque, handgrip strength, HRQoL, and lower mortality events compared to non-exercising usual care in patients with CHD. CART appears superior to aerobic training in improving peak VO2, 6MWD, 1-RM, peak torque, and HRQoL in patients with CHD. Furthermore, CART was more effective than resistance training for peak VO2 in patients with CHD. CART should be considered as a method in the rehabilitation of patients with CHD.
Abstract as published, via PubMed.
For healthcare professionals. The summary is generated by AI from the published abstract, and the evidence level is assigned automatically from the study design on the Oxford CEBM hierarchy. Neither is medical advice. Read the full paper before changing practice.