Intercostal nerve cryoablation versus thoracic epidural analgesia for minimal invasive repair of pectus excavatum: a randomized clinical trial (ICE-trial)
- Journal
- European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery (Q1)
- Published
- 29 July 2026
- Study design
- Randomized controlled trial
- Evidence level
- Level 1, High (CEBM 1b)
- Authors
- Elise J van Polen, Gaston Hnm Duijsens, Nicky Janssen, Jean H T Daemen, Aimée J P M Franssen, Chiel J Franssen, et al.
- PMID
- 42528259
- DOI
- 10.1093/ejcts/ezag203
Why clinicians should know about it
- Picked for Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine (top studies of the week, 2 August 2026).
- Picked for Surgery (top studies of the week, 2 August 2026): Intercostal cryoablation outperforms epidural analgesia after Nuss repair
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Postoperative pain after the Nuss procedure remains a significant burden for patients. While thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) has been the standard for postoperative pain management, intercostal nerve cryoablation (INC) has emerged as a promising alternative. Hence, we aimed to determine the impact of INC on recovery after the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum in comparison to TEA. METHODS: This single center, unblinded, randomized clinical trial (NCT05731973) was conducted at Zuyderland Medical Center, The Netherlands. Participants aged 12 to 24 years and scheduled for the Nuss procedure were randomly allocated to receive either INC or TEA. The study used a superiority design for the primary outcome length of hospital stay (LOHS). RESULTS: Fifty patients were randomized, of which 48 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis (INC n = 25, TEA n = 23). A significant reduction in LOHS was seen (INC 1 day [IQR 1-1] vs TEA 4 days [IQR 4-4]; p < 0.001, r = -0.94). Further reductions were seen in opioid consumption (83% during hospitalization and 97% after discharge, p < 0.001) and postoperative pain on day 7 (p = 0.010) and 14 (p = 0.035). Patients showed increased mobilization on day one (p = 0.012) and two (p = 0.013), however, no significant differences were seen in return to work/school. Persistent chest wall hypoesthesia at six months postoperatively was seen in 56% of patients after INC. CONCLUSIONS: INC demonstrates superiority over TEA in reducing LOHS, opioid use and pain postoperatively. However, persistent chest wall hypoesthesia at six months postoperatively remains an issue that warrants further investigation into the long-term effects of INC.
Abstract as published, via PubMed.
For healthcare professionals. The summary is generated by AI from the published abstract, and the evidence level is assigned automatically from the study design on the Oxford CEBM hierarchy. Neither is medical advice. Read the full paper before changing practice.