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Comparative evaluation of left atrial appendage occlusion and oral anticoagulation: a Bayesian meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Journal
Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology (Q1)
Published
3 July 2026
Study design
Systematic review / meta-analysis of RCTs
Evidence level
Level 1, High (CEBM 1a)
Authors
Krishna Saketh Athmakuri, Shreyas Raghavan Nandyal, Hrushikesh Reddy Pamreddy, Saketh Vinjamuri, Shanmukh S P Lingamsetty, Anushka Vishwas Mahajan, et al.
PMID
42486485
DOI
10.1093/europace/euag163

Why clinicians should know about it

Abstract

AIMS: Randomized trials comparing percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) with oral anticoagulation (OAC) for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation have yielded conflicting results across device generations and anticoagulant eras. This Bayesian meta-analysis of randomized trials aimed to compare LAAO vs. OAC for stroke or systemic embolism (SSE) and non-procedural clinically relevant bleeding (CRB). METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a systematic search across five databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL) to identify randomized trials of LAAO vs. OAC. Primary outcomes of stroke or systemic embolism, non-procedural CRB and clinical benefit composite were estimated using a Bayesian hierarchical random effects model and findings confirmed across robust sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Posterior probabilities for superiority, non-inferiority and equivalence were estimated using clinically meaningful margins. Six randomized trials including 7004 participants in the intention-to-treat groups, were analysed. LAAO was not associated with lower SSE vs. OAC (pooled RR, 1.11; 95% CrI, 0.80-1.49), with a 74.6% posterior probability of favouring OAC. The posterior probability of crossing non-inferiority was P(HR < 1.4) of 89%. In contrast, LAAO reduced non-procedural CRB (pooled RR, 0.59; 95% CrI, 0.45-0.78). The net clinical benefit composite, pooling contemporary trials, demonstrated a pooled RR of 0.90 (95% CrI 0.51-1.50), with P(RR < 1) of 76%, with substantial heterogeneity for this outcome. CONCLUSION: This Bayesian meta-analysis found no clear evidence supporting clinically meaningful non-inferiority of LAAO over OAC for stroke prevention. Despite reduced non-procedural bleeding, LAAO did not demonstrate a similar reduction in major bleeding.

Abstract as published, via PubMed.

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For healthcare professionals. The summary is generated by AI from the published abstract, and the evidence level is assigned automatically from the study design on the Oxford CEBM hierarchy. Neither is medical advice. Read the full paper before changing practice.